METHODOLOGICAL CULTURE OF POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS: THEORY AND PRACTICE

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in attention to methodological issues. This trend is especially noticeable in foreign countries. Meanwhile, a significant number of publications have not yet ensured a transition to a qualitatively higher level. There is a certain inconsistency in approaches to the structure of the course itself, as well as insufficient integration of the two specializations essential for the future professional activities of doctoral students. After all, most of them will combine research and teaching work. The conclusion drawn by the experts of the Club of Rome in December 2017 regarding integral thinking remains relevant. The Unified Entrance Examination Program in the Methodology of Scientific Research, approved on May 19, 2025 (Order No. 740), only emphasizes the urgency of this problem. This document will determine further in-depth study of such topics as philosophy of science, objective knowledge, scientific hypotheses, functions of science, scientific regularities, scientific principles, scientific research, scientific communication, value systems, rules of thinking, classification of methods, dissemination of results, and information culture. Attention to the activities of scientific schools is increasing. The approval of the Procedure for the Preparation of Applicants for Higher Education Degrees of Doctor of Philosophy and Doctor of Science in Higher Education Institutions (Research Institutions) sets new requirements for the level of methodological culture among young researchers.The third (educational and scientific) level of higher education — the attainment of the Doctor of Philosophy degree — requires a high level of scientific and methodological support for the educational process, consideration of the individual characteristics of young scientists, development of creative abilities, readiness for innovative activity, appropriate use of modern information technologies, and compliance with academic integrity standards. Ukrainian researchers need to take more account of the experience of other countries. In the process of doctoral training, the focus should be on defining a system of basic concepts, understanding the fundamentals of lexicography, patterns of personal development, foundations of successful education, modeling, scientific inquiry, basics of comparative studies, and adherence to academic integrity.